Installed directly in a manufacturing process line, the Swagelok CR-288 concentration monitor is said to provide real-time concentration measurements of process liquids. The CR-288 concentration monitor is compatible with a wide range of biopharmaceutical applications including buffer makeup and prep, media prep, clean-in-place, and liquid chromatography, according to the Cleveland-based company. The CR-288 monitor employs a unique fluidic dynamic and optical geometry for routine index of refraction based concentration measurements for nearly all process conditions. With in-line installation, the CR-288 monitor supports the Food and Drug Administration’s Process Analytical Technology initiative for end-point detection.